The government is considering new regulations to significantly reduce the noise levels of consumer fireworks in an effort to make them less disruptive in residential areas and mitigate the impact on animals. Proposals under review by the Office for Product Safety and Standards suggest lowering the maximum permissible sound level of garden fireworks from 120 decibels to 110 decibels, with discussions ongoing about potentially reducing it further to 100 or even 90 decibels. For context, 90 decibels is roughly equivalent to the noise produced by a hairdryer or lawnmower.

In addition to noise limits, the government is also exploring the possibility of banning some public firework displays near farms to prevent distress to animals such as horses, sheep, cows, pigs, chickens, dogs, and cats. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) has urged authorities to collaborate with local councils to establish firework-free zones in areas where animals are particularly vulnerable. The charity has long campaigned for quieter fireworks and encouraged the adoption of alternative celebrations, such as light shows, in sensitive areas.

Kate Dearden, the minister for consumer protection, acknowledged public concerns conveyed to her regarding the effects of fireworks on both humans and animals. “I have heard directly from many individuals who have shared the impact fireworks have had on them and their animals. I am grateful to them for taking the time to set out their concerns,” she said.

The proposed changes come as part of a broader government effort to update fireworks legislation, with plans to seek parliamentary approval for the new rules. Firework manufacturers would be given a six-month lead time to comply with the noise reduction requirements once enacted.

These measures coincide with increased law enforcement activity to prevent disorder associated with fireworks, especially following serious incidents in Birmingham last year during Bonfire Night. West Midlands Police announced a “robust” strategy, including the deployment of additional officers at key locations, to deter violence and unrest during this year’s celebrations.

Bonfire Night, observed annually on November 5 in Britain, commemorates the foiling of the 1605 Gunpowder Plot against King James I. While its religious origins have largely faded, the event remains a significant cultural tradition centered around fireworks displays. However, rising concerns over the noise and its effects have prompted calls for reform, which the government is now actively addressing in consultation with stakeholders and animal welfare groups.