EU foreign affairs chief Kaja Kallas visited Damascus on September 29, 2026, announcing the European Union’s intention to “upgrade” its partnership with Syria and support the country’s recovery following significant political changes. Speaking at a joint press conference with Syrian Foreign Minister Assad Al-Shaibani, Kallas emphasized the EU’s commitment to assisting Syria’s transition while underscoring the need for continued domestic reforms.

Since the removal of longtime president Bashar al-Assad in December 2024, Syria has entered a new phase marked by efforts to rebuild after more than 13 years of conflict, which resulted in over half a million deaths and widespread destruction of infrastructure and industries. Following Assad’s ouster, the EU lifted economic sanctions on Syria and reinstated a cooperation agreement in May 2026.

Kallas noted that the EU has already allocated approximately 620 million euros toward humanitarian aid, recovery, and strengthening Syrian institutions. She highlighted the bloc’s aim to mobilize additional investment and deepen the partnership but stressed that success depends heavily on reforms and conditions within Syria. “Aid alone cannot build Syria,” she stated, pointing to the necessity of establishing security, clear legal frameworks, functioning institutions, and equal participation of women in society. She also called for reconciliation and transitional justice measures as part of the country’s overall transition.

“The European Union is using its political and economic tools to help Syria on the path of inclusive and peaceful transition,” Kallas said, adding that the EU stands ready to assist in institution-building efforts. The visit followed an earlier declaration by EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen in January, pledging comprehensive support for Syria’s recovery during her meeting with Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa.

Syria’s prolonged war has triggered one of the largest refugee crises of the past decade, with millions of Syrians seeking asylum abroad—many within EU member states. The EU has indicated a preference for enabling a voluntary and safe return of Syrian refugees as part of stabilization initiatives.

Syrian Foreign Minister Assad Al-Shaibani expressed optimism following discussions with Kallas, stating they had covered multiple avenues to advance their renewed partnership, beginning with establishing a new cooperation agreement. The EU’s approach reflects an evolving diplomatic engagement that seeks to balance support for Syria’s reconstruction with demands for structural and security reforms to foster long-term stability.