As autumn begins, homeowners and gardeners are preparing for the tree-planting season, with new research highlighting the most effective species to plant for various environmental benefits. A recent study conducted by the Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) in partnership with Frank P. Matthews tree nursery provides insight into which trees perform best for cooling, rainfall management, pollution absorption, and wildlife support.

The study, carried out over two years at RHS Garden Wisley, identified several trees that excel in providing cooling effects through transpiration, the natural process by which water moves from roots to leaves and evaporates into the air. Among the top performers for this purpose are the deciduous Callery pear (Pyrus calleryana ‘Chanticleer’), flowering cherry (Prunus ‘Fugenzo’), and red maple (Acer rubrum ‘Brandywine’). These species are recommended for gardens seeking to mitigate heat during warmer months.

In addition to cooling, managing excess rainfall is a key consideration as climate patterns become increasingly unpredictable. The study noted that evergreen trees such as the western red cedar (Thuja plicata ‘Coles Variety’) and the Italian cypress (Cupressus sempervirens ‘Garda’) are particularly effective at intercepting and holding large volumes of water in their canopies. These attributes make them suitable choices for reducing surface runoff and helping to manage stormwater.

For gardeners interested in year-round structure and shelter, Portuguese laurel (Prunus lusitanica) emerged as a robust option. This evergreen small tree or shrub is valued for its dense foliage, making it ideal for hedging and providing protection during winter months.

The research also underscored the environmental benefits of species that contribute to biodiversity and pollution reduction. Hazel (Corylus avellana ‘Red Majestic’) was highlighted for its dense leaf coverage, which helps absorb pollution, while crab apple trees (Malus ‘Scarlett’) support pollinating insects, contributing to local ecosystems.

This selection of trees offers a range of practical and ecological benefits suited to a variety of garden needs. The findings encourage gardeners to consider not only aesthetic qualities but also environmental functions such as cooling, water management, pollution mitigation, and wildlife support when selecting trees for planting this autumn.