The birth of a striped hyena cub in Saudi Arabia’s Neom Nature Reserve marks a significant milestone in efforts to reestablish a self-sustaining population of the endangered species in the country, officials said.

The female cub was documented in August, approximately nine months after two breeding pairs were introduced into designated areas of the reserve in November 2025. The release followed thorough assessments of habitat suitability and resource availability conducted by a joint team from the National Center for Wildlife (NCW) and the Neom reserve authorities.

Dr. Mohammed Qurban, CEO of the NCW, explained that the reintroduced hyenas have been closely monitored using satellite tracking collars to observe their movements and home ranges, complemented by camera traps to capture behavioral data. Prior to their release, the animals underwent veterinary screenings, health checks, and rehabilitation at an NCW wildlife care facility. Ecological surveys were also performed to confirm the site’s viability within the striped hyena’s natural geographical range.

“No published scientific evidence is available documenting the birth of a striped hyena in the area,” Qurban noted, “but historical records and surveys confirm the species’ presence in the region.” He added that the successful birth indicates the animals’ ability to adapt and reproduce in their natural habitat, underscoring progress toward establishing a viable wild population.

The striped hyena’s return is expected to contribute to ecological balance in the reserve, where other species such as Arabian oryx, sand gazelles, Arabian gazelles, Nubian ibex, and ostriches have also been reintroduced. The species plays a crucial role in desert and mountain ecosystems by scavenging carrion and feeding on animal remains. Their highly acidic stomachs enable them to break down bones and neutralize harmful bacteria and viruses, reducing the spread of disease.

Long-term plans involve ongoing monitoring of the hyenas’ adaptation and reproductive success, alongside efforts to enhance genetic diversity through additional releases until a sustainable population is established. The striped hyena faces risks from poaching, secondary poisoning—often resulting from consuming bait intended for stray dogs—vehicle collisions, urban development, and habitat disturbance.

To mitigate these threats, the species has been designated as protected, with penalties of up to 80,000 Saudi riyals (about $21,300) imposed for illegal hunting, Qurban said. The initiative represents a critical step in restoring the striped hyena’s ecological role and supporting biodiversity conservation within Saudi Arabia.