Americans spend an estimated 90% of their time indoors, but the air quality inside homes, offices, and schools may pose greater health risks than many realize, experts warn. Indoor air pollution can often be significantly worse than outdoor air, with concentrations of harmful substances sometimes up to five times higher, according to toxicologist Dr. Yvonne Burkart.

Dr. Burkart, an authority on reproductive and endocrine health, highlighted the issue in a recent podcast episode, explaining that inadequate ventilation is a primary factor contributing to poor indoor air quality. Without sufficient airflow, pollutants such as dust, mold, volatile organic compounds, and other contaminants can accumulate, potentially leading to health problems.

Certain populations are particularly susceptible to the effects of indoor air pollution. Children, older adults, and individuals with preexisting heart or respiratory conditions spend more time indoors and are therefore at greater risk of exposure. Poor air quality can exacerbate respiratory illnesses, trigger allergic reactions, and affect overall well-being.

Improving ventilation and regularly assessing indoor environments can help mitigate these risks. Experts emphasize the importance of keeping spaces well-ventilated through the use of exhaust fans, opening windows when possible, and maintaining heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems.

While outdoor air pollution often receives more attention, increasing focus on indoor air quality is emerging as a critical public health concern. As people continue to spend a majority of their time indoors, addressing pollutants in these environments may play a key role in preventing health complications tied to air quality.