As temperatures are set to rise this week, health experts are urging individuals, particularly older adults, to take precautions to protect their heart health during periods of extreme heat. Dr. Chun Tang of Pall Mall Medical emphasizes that hot weather places additional strain on the body, forcing the heart to work harder to help regulate temperature. This increased workload, combined with dehydration and blood pressure fluctuations, can elevate the risk of cardiovascular problems.

Research indicates that extreme heat can lead to an 11.7 percent increase in cardiovascular-related deaths, with those aged 65 and over facing the greatest risk. Heat-related symptoms can sometimes mimic those of heart conditions, making it important to recognize warning signs that require immediate medical attention.

Common symptoms that should not be overlooked include extreme fatigue, chest pain, dizziness, shortness of breath, and swollen ankles. While fatigue after exposure to heat may often result from heat exhaustion—typically relieved by resting in a cool place and rehydrating—persistent or worsening symptoms such as nausea, weakness, and cold sweats may signal a heart attack. In such cases, emergency services should be contacted without delay.

Chest pain or tightness is a particularly critical indicator. Dr. Tang notes that although heat can worsen symptoms, chest discomfort may point to an underlying cardiac issue. If the pain radiates to the arms, neck, jaw, back, or stomach and is accompanied by nausea or lightheadedness, emergency assistance should be sought immediately.

Dizziness or lightheadedness in the heat can sometimes stem from dehydration. However, it may also indicate low blood pressure or insufficient blood flow to the brain due to heart dysfunction. While rest and hydration generally alleviate these symptoms, confusion, difficulty breathing, or chest pain necessitate prompt medical evaluation.

Shortness of breath during physical activity in hot weather may be attributable to normal exertion. Still, if it persists, or occurs alongside chest pain and dizziness, it might suggest cardiac strain. Individuals experiencing these signs are advised to stop exercising, move to a cooler environment, drink water, and seek medical help if symptoms continue.

Swelling of the feet, ankles, and legs is often harmless and related to heat-induced fluid retention. Dr. Tang recommends elevating the legs, maintaining hydration, and reducing salt intake to manage swelling. However, if swelling is accompanied by breathlessness, chest pain, or sudden weight gain, medical advice should be sought.

With summer temperatures expected to climb, experts highlight the importance of monitoring these symptoms carefully and acting swiftly when necessary to mitigate heat-related cardiovascular risks.