Oman is exploring the development of its first pumped hydro energy storage (PHES) project, which would utilize the Wadi Dayqah Dam in Muscat Governorate as a key component. The initiative aims to enhance the country’s energy storage capabilities by harnessing surplus electricity generated primarily from solar and wind sources.
The project is currently in the feasibility study phase, led by the Authority for Public Services Regulation (APSR) in collaboration with other stakeholders. The proposal envisions using the existing reservoir at Wadi Dayqah as the lower reservoir, while constructing a new upper reservoir on the nearby Jabal Abyad plateau. The design takes advantage of the area’s natural topography to create an effective energy storage system.
Pumped hydro energy storage works by using excess electricity during periods of low demand to pump water from a lower to an upper reservoir. When electricity demand increases or renewable energy output drops, the stored water is released back through turbines to generate electricity, which is then fed into the grid. This mechanism allows for better management of electricity supply and demand, particularly with variable renewable energy sources.
The planned facility would have an installed capacity of approximately 1,975 megawatts and provide up to nine hours of energy storage, capable of delivering around 17,970 megawatt-hours of dispatchable electricity. This large-scale energy storage is expected to improve grid stability, support frequency regulation, and serve as backup capacity during peak demand periods.
Authorities emphasize that the project could reduce Oman’s reliance on gas-fired power plants, which currently play a significant role in electricity generation. By integrating pumped hydro storage, the country aims to lower carbon emissions, ease the financial burden associated with fuel subsidies, and accommodate higher levels of renewable energy within its power sector.
If implemented, the Wadi Dayqah PHES project would mark a significant step in Oman's transition toward more sustainable and flexible energy infrastructure, aligning with broader efforts to incorporate advanced energy storage solutions and reduce environmental impacts.