Three weeks into its inquiry, the Australian royal commission investigating antisemitism has documented a notable rise in online hate messages targeting Jewish communities, highlighting ongoing challenges in addressing hate speech. Commissioner Bell reported receiving multiple witness accounts describing a surge in such digital attacks, underscoring the persistence of antisemitism in public discourse.
Early during the commission’s hearings in Sydney, an incident occurred outside the commission building in which an individual wore a T-shirt emblazoned with a swastika encircling a Star of David and the phrase “Antisemitism. Proud to be accused.” This display prompted Jewish leaders to emphasize concerns about the normalization of antisemitism in Australian society.
As the inquiry progressed from testimony by individuals to examinations of public institutions and civil society, some observers noted missed opportunities to hold influential figures and organisations fully accountable. The New South Wales police faced scrutiny over their handling of the Opera House demonstration and security lapses ahead of a high-profile event in Bondi. University officials were also questioned about their perceived inaction regarding student encampments associated with antisemitic expressions.
However, several cultural sector leaders, including the Sydney Biennale Board, were not called to testify, despite controversies involving prominent figures. One example involved an American DJ at a Sydney Biennale opening night who made inflammatory remarks against what she termed the “Zio-Australian-Epstein empire,” vowing future liberation from the “Israel.” This incident brought attention to the complex issue of coded language—such as the derogatory use of “Zio”—which intertwines antisemitic sentiment with criticism of Zionism and support for Israel. The commission’s investigation into this phenomenon was perceived as limited, even after testimony from Indigenous activist Marcia Langton, who reported being labelled a “Zio” due to her support for Jewish Australians.
Calls have also been made for higher-level political accountability. Prime Minister Anthony Albanese, who publicly acknowledged in the aftermath of the Bondi massacre in December 2025 that more could have been done to combat rising antisemitism, was not formally called to appear before the commission. Some argue that his involvement could have clarified potential policy initiatives and government strategies aimed at preventing similar tragedies and curbing societal hatred. While the prime minister’s admission was met with mixed reactions, it provided a potential avenue for the commission to explore leadership’s role in addressing antisemitic violence and prejudice.
Observers stress the necessity for a comprehensive approach that engages all sectors of Australian society in eradicating antisemitism. The commission’s ongoing work seeks to identify practical measures and promote a unified response to counter bigotry, even if this requires unconventional approaches.
An earlier version of this report incorrectly stated that the heads of Creative Australia did not appear at the royal commission; this has since been corrected.