Former Defence Secretary Sir Liam Fox has called on the UK government to abandon what he describes as “appeasement” toward Iran and to support regime change as the only viable solution to regional instability. Speaking amid ongoing tensions involving Tehran, Sir Liam stressed that genuine freedom for the Iranian people can only be achieved through internal efforts rather than foreign military intervention.

Sir Liam criticized Western governments, including the UK, for allegedly ignoring Iran’s escalating activities, notably the reported killing of thousands during nationwide protests in January. Early estimates from United Nations observers placed the death toll between 5,000 and 20,000. He condemned the 2015 nuclear deal, championed under the Obama administration, for releasing significant frozen Iranian assets and lifting sanctions without addressing Tehran’s human rights abuses or its backing of militant groups.

He pointed to Iran’s continued support for groups such as Hamas in Gaza, Hezbollah in Lebanon, and the Houthis in Yemen, asserting that the regime has invested heavily in expanding its missile and drone capabilities. Sir Liam also warned that Iran’s recent attacks on shipping in the Strait of Hormuz could be followed by renewed assaults by Houthi forces on vessels in the Red Sea, intensifying regional conflict.

While opposing direct Western military intervention similar to that seen in Afghanistan and Iraq, Sir Liam urged the UK and its allies to prepare for a moment when Iranians rise against their government. He emphasized that the Iranian people have consistently demonstrated a willingness to endure great hardship in pursuit of freedom and democracy. The former defence chief urged Prime Minister Mr Burnham to adopt a more assertive stance, advocating political support for opposition groups poised to lead a transition to democracy. He referenced a 10-point plan proposed by the National Council of Resistance of Iran and its president-elect Maryam Rajavi as a framework for this outcome.

In response, the UK Foreign Office reiterated its commitment to a stable ceasefire and successful peace negotiations, emphasizing that preventing Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons remains a priority. Officials highlighted ongoing efforts with international partners to promote de-escalation and ensure the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz, a critical shipping route.