A recent review of home preparation strategies highlights key steps homeowners should take to avoid common problems during extended absences, such as vacations, particularly issues related to pests and water leaks.

Experts note that rodents, raccoons, and other wildlife are primarily attracted to homes by the availability of food and water. Kevin O’Connor, host of the PBS series “This Old House,” explains that animals do not invade homes for companionship but rather for survival needs. An unoccupied house can become more inviting to these animals, according to entomologist Jim Fredericks of the National Pest Management Association.

To reduce the risk of unwelcome intrusions, homeowners are advised to eliminate sources of food and water before leaving. This includes removing all food items from counters, securely storing pet food and birdseed in sealed containers, and taking out garbage and recycling promptly. Laundry detergent with scent may also attract pests, according to O’Connor. Outdoor water sources such as pet bowls and leaks from faucets should be addressed to deny animals access to hydration, while outdoor grills should be cleaned and covered to discourage raccoons.

Physical barriers are equally important in pest prevention. Paul Hope, deputy home editor at Consumer Reports, stresses the necessity of sealing cracks and small holes around the home’s exterior, as even gaps as small as a quarter-inch can allow rodents to enter. Common entry points include spaces around pipes, wires, doors, and under garage doors. Homeowners should caulk or stuff openings with steel wool—though caution is advised near copper pipes—and install weatherstripping and door sweeps to further block access. Chimneys can be protected with mesh caps, and finer wire mesh can be applied under decks and porches to deter smaller animals. Pruning tree limbs near roofs also helps prevent squirrels from gaining entry.

Water leaks pose another significant risk during extended absences. Leaking pipes or malfunctioning appliances can cause damage that is often exacerbated if not promptly addressed. Technological solutions, such as smart leak detectors with wireless sensors, can alert homeowners to problems via smartphone notifications and some systems can even shut off the main water valve automatically. However, many rely on Wi-Fi, which may be vulnerable during power outages, so some systems use cellular connections or offer battery backups to maintain functionality. Consumer Reports also recommends comprehensive home security systems with integrated leak detection for enhanced protection.

In addition to technological safeguards, having a trusted individual perform periodic home checks can detect issues early. Jack Luber, executive director of the National Home Watch Association, notes that professional home watchers provide scheduled visits to monitor appliances, heating and cooling systems, and overall property condition, helping to prevent serious damage.

Insurance coverage for such incidents varies. Loretta Worters of the Insurance Information Institute clarifies that routine problems with pests are typically not covered under standard homeowner policies, as they are considered maintenance-related. Conversely, sudden water damage from events like broken pipes usually qualifies for coverage, although damage resulting from neglected leaks or mold may not be reimbursed. Some insurers may offer incentives for the installation of leak detection and automatic shut-off devices.

Experts emphasize that thorough preparation—including eliminating attractants, securing the home’s exterior, and using technology or professional services—can minimize the likelihood of vacation disasters like infestations or water damage, reducing disruption and costly repairs upon returning home.