Chewing sugary gum after consuming nitrate-rich vegetables such as beetroot, spinach, and kale may help lower blood pressure, according to recent research. These vegetables contain nitrate absorbed from the soil, which is converted into nitrite by bacteria in the mouth. Nitrite has various physiological effects, including the relaxation and dilation of blood vessels, potentially contributing to blood pressure reduction.

Researchers at King’s College London explored whether enhancing this conversion process by manipulating saliva acidity could improve nitrite production. Dr. Andrew Webb, a clinical senior lecturer in cardiovascular and metabolic medicine, explained that the acidity of saliva may play a key role in the transformation of inactive nitrate into active nitrite. Previous studies had shown that reducing saliva acidity, for example by combining grapefruit and beetroot juice, inhibited nitrite formation. This new study sought to determine if the opposite effect—lowering pH by increasing acidity—would promote nitrite production.

The study involved 14 healthy volunteers who chewed either sugary Hubba Bubba gum or sugar-free Wrigley’s Extra gum for three to six hours after drinking a shot of beetroot juice. Researchers collected blood, saliva, and blood pressure data throughout the experiment. Contrary to initial expectations, saliva pH increased after chewing Hubba Bubba gum, yet the sugary gum was associated with a 45% increase in nitrite levels in the mouth and a 25% increase in systemic nitrite levels compared to the sugar-free gum. Additionally, blood pressure measurements showed a greater decrease following the consumption of sugary gum.

While the findings suggest that chewing sugary gum may enhance nitrate-to-nitrite conversion and help reduce blood pressure, the researchers cautioned that sugary gum is not an appropriate treatment for individuals managing hypertension due to potential dental health risks. Instead, they propose the results could have practical implications for athletes who consume beetroot to boost performance. Dr. Webb noted that gum may have a more sustained effect than sugary drinks because it remains in the mouth longer, potentially enhancing nitrite production over time.

The study highlights a novel interaction between diet, oral bacteria, and cardiovascular health, though further research is needed to assess long-term implications and safer alternatives for improving nitrate metabolism.