The Senate on Friday approved a $70 billion immigration funding bill designed to finance President Donald Trump’s crackdown on migration through the remainder of his term. The measure, passed by a 52-to-47 vote largely along party lines, now moves to the House, which is expected to advance it swiftly. The legislation represents a notable victory for the president and Senate Republicans, who have emphasized a hard-line immigration stance amid the politically charged atmosphere of an upcoming election year.

Senator Lisa Murkowski of Alaska was the only Republican to join all Democrats in opposing the bill. The narrow passage came after weeks of internal Republican unrest over some provisions tied to the bill, reflecting tensions between Trump’s personal agenda and the party’s broader political interests. Several GOP lawmakers expressed concern about specific elements attached to the package, particularly a proposed $1.8 billion federal fund intended to compensate individuals Trump claims were victimized by the government.

Democrats seized on these controversial provisions, mounting efforts to block or restrict the fund and force Republicans to take politically difficult votes. They also challenged Trump’s request for $1 billion in federal funding for his White House ballroom renovation and questioned the appointment of Bill Pulte, head of the Federal Housing Finance Agency, as the nation’s top intelligence official. The moves generated rare Republican dissent, with some GOP senators—including Susan Collins of Maine, Jon Husted of Ohio, Dan Sullivan and Lisa Murkowski of Alaska—breaking ranks to support Democratic amendments aimed at constraining the fund or blocking the ballroom spending.

Though the Justice Department has indicated it would no longer pursue Trump’s plan to establish the payout fund, Democrats portrayed it as a “slush fund” and sought to codify a ban on its future use. Republican Senator Bill Cassidy of Louisiana, recently defeated in a Trump-backed primary, emerged as a notable voice pushing for limitations on the fund, though his proposals ultimately failed to secure enough support.

Republicans justified their unified backing for the immigration funding itself as essential, arguing that Democrats have refused to provide increased resources for Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Customs and Border Protection (CBP) without imposing limitations tied to federal enforcement tactics. Senate Majority Leader John Thune of South Dakota emphasized the importance of maintaining focus on the immigration bill rather than the politically charged amendments.

The legislation was advanced through a reconciliation process, allowing Republicans to bypass a filibuster despite unified Democratic opposition. Democrats, in turn, used the open amendment process to highlight grievances tied to the president’s policies, framing the debate in terms of broader concerns about governance and priorities amid ongoing economic challenges for American families.

Despite the contentious floor debate extending into the early hours of Friday, the immigration funding legislation ultimately survived a series of votes that underscored the divisions within the Republican Party and sharpened the political fault lines ahead of the midterm elections.