New Zealand’s proposal to permanently increase the maximum indoor stocking density for laying hens has drawn strong reactions from animal welfare advocates and industry representatives alike. The National Animal Welfare Advisory Committee (Nawac) recently concluded public consultation on the measure, which would raise the allowable number of hens per square metre in indoor barns from seven to nine, even when hens do not have outdoor access.

The proposed change forms part of a targeted review of the Code of Welfare for Layer Hens, initially prompted by the risk of avian influenza. However, the increase would not be limited to temporary measures during disease outbreaks, raising concern among animal welfare groups.

Marie McAninch, senior scientific officer at the SPCA, expressed dismay over the proposal’s permanent nature. She called the plan a “step backwards for animal welfare,” noting that higher stocking densities reduce space for hens to exhibit natural behaviors and can increase incidences of feather pecking and aggression. McAninch also highlighted that Nawac’s consultation process involved extensive engagement with industry stakeholders prior to public input, which the SPCA said raises questions about the influence industry interests may have had on the recommendations.

The Egg Producers Federation, whose literature review contributed to Nawac’s evaluation, disputed some welfare concerns. Executive director Fiona MacMillan emphasized that aligning New Zealand’s standards with those in Europe—where nine hens per square metre is common—is consistent with international best practices. MacMillan also said that stocking density alone should not be considered the sole indicator of hen welfare, pointing to other factors such as housing conditions and additional welfare measures. She defended the consultation timeline, stating that prior engagement with industry is a standard procedure, and noted that scientific studies on the impact of increased density have shown mixed results.

Jessica Chambers, head of campaigns at the advocacy group Save Animals From Exploitation (SAFE), called the recommended changes a “complete surprise” and characterized them as “shocking.” She argued that animal welfare regulations should advance the well-being of animals rather than maintain or worsen existing conditions under pressure from industry interests.

Nawac chairperson Dr. Matthew Stone explained that the proposed stocking density increase is intended to facilitate the safe confinement of hens indoors during disease outbreaks like bird flu without compromising welfare standards or requiring stock reduction through culling. Preventing contact with wild birds, he noted, will become critical should avian influenza emerge in New Zealand.

The committee’s decision reflects a balance between animal welfare considerations and biosecurity measures amid ongoing concerns about avian influenza, but it has sparked debate over the future direction of welfare standards for laying hens.