In Indonesian Borneo, a group of women volunteers is confronting both wildfires and societal skepticism as they work to protect their communities from destructive peatland blazes. Known as the “Power of Mama,” the collective comprises over 100 women, many of whom are homemakers juggling daily household responsibilities with firefighting duties across villages in Ketapang regency, Kalimantan, Indonesia’s portion of Borneo.

Established in 2022 with support from the YIARI wildlife rehabilitation foundation, the “Power of Mama” emerged as a response to the severe wildfires that devastated the region in 2019 during an El Niño-driven drought. These fires, largely caused by slash-and-burn land clearing and the draining of peatlands, frequently burn beneath the surface for extended periods, releasing hazardous smoke and igniting surface fires that threaten human health and wildlife.

Members of the group, many in their 20s to 40s, patrol smoke-filled areas daily, equipped with water pumps, buckets, and protective gear such as orange jumpsuits, rubber boots, and hijabs beneath hard hats. Their efforts often extend for hours, despite only surgical masks to guard against toxic haze. For many volunteers like 46-year-old Ramilah from Tanjungpura village, firefighting adds to an already demanding schedule that starts at dawn with livestock care and household chores and continues into the evening.

The haze from these persistent fires has forced school closures, caused widespread respiratory illnesses, and affected neighboring countries. According to the Nusantara Atlas fire monitor, nearly 900,000 hectares have burned across Indonesia in 2026, a figure significantly higher than government estimates, which report approximately 202,000 hectares razed from January to July.

Despite their critical role, the women confront persistent gender bias in a society where firefighting is traditionally seen as a male responsibility and women are primarily associated with domestic duties. Coordinator Mita Anggraeni highlighted ongoing challenges as some community members question their ability to manage fire emergencies. Caregiver and volunteer firefighter Melyanti recounted instances of local opposition to their activities, including withholding assistance during a fire on a detractor’s land after months of disparagement.

Nevertheless, attitudes have begun to shift as the women demonstrate competence and dedication. Mutia Mulasari, a homemaker and mother, acknowledged the initial criticism that their efforts were mere “playing around,” but said perceptions evolved as they proved effective. Her husband, Roni Irawan, expressed support, noting that Mutia balances firefighting with household management.

The “Power of Mama” women continue to serve as vital frontline responders against the escalating threat of wildfires in Kalimantan, challenging gender norms while working to safeguard their environment and communities from the recurring cycles of devastation.